U Rwanda rurateganya kongera ikoreshwa ry’imiti ishobora guterwa mu mubiri ikoreshwa mu gukumira no kuvura agakoko gatera SIDA (ARVs), nk’imwe mu ngamba zo kongera imbaraga mu gukumira no guhangana n’iki cyorezo mu gihe umubare w’abandura bashya cyane cyane urubyiruko ukiri hejuru. Imiti ya ARVs ikoreshwa ahanini mu gukumira no kuvura agakoko gatera SIDA (HIV-1).
Byavugiwe mu nama yahuje abanyamakuru yabereyemu mujyi wa Kigali yabaye kuwa 22 Ukwakira 2025, yateguwe na AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF) igamije kugaragaza ibyo imaze kugeraho no gushimangira ubufatanye mu guhangana na SIDA mu Rwanda.
U Rwanda kugeza ubu rukoresha uburyo bwa fixed-dose combinations (FDCs), aho imiti itatu ihurizwa mu pilule imwe ifatwa rimwe ku munsi kugira ngo byorohereze abayinywa kuyikomeza. Iyi miti itangwa ku buntu.
Uburyo bushya bwo gukoresha imiti iterwa mu mubiri buzatangira gushyirwa mu bikorwa nyuma y’umwaka w’igeragezwa ry’imwe mu miti yemejwe n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS), cabotegravir, aho abantu bafite agakoko ka SIDA bashobora guterwa rimwe mu mezi abiri.
Dr. Basile Ikuzo, Umuyobozi w’Ishami rishinzwe gukumira agakoko ka SIDA mu Kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubuzima (RBC), yavuze ko ubu buryo bwageragejwe mu bigo nderabuzima bibiri (Busanza na Gikondo) kandi n’ubwo hari abavuga ko habaho ububabare nyuma yo guterwa, hateganyijwe ko buzatangizwa ku rwego rw’igihugu.
Yagize ati: “Turi gusuzuma uko bwakiriwe, ariko umugambi ni ukugera ku gihugu hose. Hari bamwe bagaragaje ububabare nyuma yo guterwa, ariko iyi miti irahenze kandi ni uburyo bwemejwe.
Dr. Ikuzo yavuze ko RBC inateganya kuzana indi miti iterwa (Lenacapavir) ikoreshwa rimwe mu mezi atandatu, ariko bishobora gutangira hagati ya 2026 na 2027.
Lenacapavir ikoreshwa mu buryo bubiri: mu kuvura abantu bafite agakoko ka SIDA kari resistance ku miti isanzwe, no gukumira kwandura agakoko gashya ku bantu bafite ibyago byo kukandura.
Mu gihe u Rwanda rufite 3% by’abanduye, kandi 97% bafite uburenganzira ku miti, Dr. Ikuzo yavuze ko hakenewe kongera imbaraga mu gukumira cyane cyane mu rubyiruko, kuko n’ubwo bafite uburyo bwo kubona imiti, 80% gusa aribo bayikomeza neza, kandi 30% by’abandura bashya ni urubyiruko.
Umwaka ushize, ibizamini hafi miliyoni ebyiri byarakozwe, hakagaragara 0.6% by’abayisanzwemo (ahenshi i Kigali no mu Burasirazuba), aho abasore n’inkumi bafite hagati y’imyaka 20–24, cyane cyane abakobwa, bari mu bayanduye.
Ati: “Dufite uburyo bwihariye bwo gufasha uru rubyiruko, cyane cyane abakobwa, kuko usanga ikibazo ari uko batabasha gukomeza gufata imiti kubera igitutu cy’abagenzi babo n’uburyo bw’imiryango itabashyigikira.”
Ariko kandi, Dr. Ikuzo yavuze ko hari intambwe yatewe kuko 80% by’abafata imiti neza babashije kugera ku rwego rwo kugabanya cyane ubwandu.
Umuyobozi wa AHF Rwanda, Dr. Lambert Rangira, mu ijambo rye yashimiye uruhare rw’abanyamakuru badahwema gukora inkuru zijyanye no kwirinda Virusi itera Sida kuko bifasha abanyarwanda kumenya amakuru ajyanye nicyo cyorezo cyugarije isi.
Yakomeje avuga ko uburyo bwa kera bwo kwirinda virusi itera Sida nka ABC Abstain, Be Faithful, and Condom Use (Kwifata, Kwirinda guca inyuma, no gukoresha agakingirizo) butagikora ku rubyiruko rw’iki gihe, ariko ko gukoresha agakingirizo bikwiye gukomeza kwamamazwa kuko bigifite akamaro.
Yagize ati: “Agakingirizo ni ingenzi cyane ku rubyiruko kugira ngo rwirinde. Ni ngombwa, kandi uburyo tubivugaho ni bwo bukwiye guhinduka kugira ngo ubutumwa bugere neza ku rubyiruko.”
Dr. Deo Mutambuka, Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa Rwanda Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS (RRP+), yavuze ko mu bantu barenga ibihumbi 230 bari ku miti ya ARVs, abagera ku bihumbi 166 gusa ari bo bakurikiranwa n’uyu muryango, kandi ko igitutu cy’ivangura kigikomeje kuba inzitizi mu kugabanya abandura bashya.
Mu gihe 35% by’abandura bashya ari urubyiruko, Dr. Mutambuka yavuze ko ubushakashatsi bwabo bwerekana ko nubwo ivangura ryagabanyutse rigera kuri 13%, ikibazo gikomeye ni urubyiruko rudafata imiti kubera igitutu cy’abagenzi babo n’ivangura.
Yavuze ko iri vangura cyane cyane rihungabanya urubyiruko, kandi mu gihe igihugu gitakaza amafaranga arenga miliyari 3 Frw buri mwaka ku miti ya ARVs, iki kibazo kigomba gukemuka kugira ngo ayo mafaranga atajya apfushwa ubusa.
RRP+ yavuze ko ibimenyetso by’ibanze by’ubushakashatsi iri gukora byerekana ko mu rubyiruko 3,017 rufite agakoko ka SIDA (ALHIV) bakurikiranwa mu gihugu hose, 30% muri bo (843) baretse ishuri mu myaka ibiri ishize kubera ivangura.
Mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo hihariye umubare munini (231 mu rubyiruko 1,003 rwo muri iyo ntara).
“Mu mashuri y’amacumbi harimo abanyeshuri 600, naho abiga bataha barenga 1,000. Aba banyeshuri bataha bahura n’ikibazo cyo gufata imiti ku ishuri kuko batinya kwerekana ko bayifite,”
Mu rwego rwo gukemura iki kibazo, RRP+ yavuze ko yibanda ku matsinda y’urubyiruko bigishanya ndetse n’abahagarariye bagenzi babo, kandi yashyizeho umurongo utishyurwa wo guhamagaraho abafite ibibazo.
Nzabandora Theogene umwe mu banyamakuru bitabiriye iyi nama nyungurana bitekerezo , yashimiye umuryango AHF Rwanda nk’umufatanyabikorwa mukuru w’u Rwanda mu rugamba rwo kurwanya SIDA.Akomeza avuga Ko agiye kurushaho gukora inkuru zijyanye no kwirinda ubwandu bushya bwa Virusi itera Sida kuko ikomeje kwiyongera mu rubyiruko.
